Portal:Japan

The Japan Portal Main   Geography   Projects Imperial Seal of Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. It is in the northwest Pacific Ocean and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north toward the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, and Taiwan in the south. Japan is a part of the Ring of Fire, and spans an archipelago of 14,125 islands, with the four main islands being Hokkaido, Honshu (the "mainland"), Shikoku, and Kyushu. Tokyo is the country's capital and largest city, followed by Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Fukuoka, Kobe, and Kyoto. The Japanese archipelago has been inhabited since the Upper Paleolithic (30,000 BC). Between the fourth and ninth centuries AD, the kingdoms of the region became unified under an emperor and the imperial court based in Heian-kyō. Beginning in the 12th century, political power was held by a series of military dictators (shōgun) and feudal lords (daimyō), and enforced by a class of warrior nobility (samurai). After a century-long period of civil war, the country was reunified in 1603 under the Tokugawa shogunate, which enacted an isolationist foreign policy. In 1854, a United States fleet forced Japan to open trade to the West, which led to the end of the shogunate and the restoration of imperial power in 1868. In the Meiji period, the Empire of Japan adopted a Western-modeled constitution, and pursued a program of industrialization and modernization. Amidst a rise in militarism and overseas colonization, Japan invaded China in 1937 and entered World War II as an Axis power in 1941. After suffering defeat in the Pacific War and two atomic bombings, Japan surrendered in 1945 and came under a seven-year Allied occupation, during which it adopted a new constitution. Under the 1947 constitution, Japan has maintained a constitutional monarchy with a bicameral legislature, the National Diet. Japan is a developed country and a great power, with one of the largest economies by nominal GDP. Japan has renounced its right to declare war, though it maintains a self-defense force that ranks as one of the world's strongest militaries. A global leader in the automotive, robotics, and electronics industries, the country has made significant contributions to science and technology, and is one of the world's largest exporters and importers. It is part of multiple major international and intergovernmental institutions. Japan has over 125 million inhabitants and is the 11th most populous country in the world, as well as one of the most densely populated. About three-fourths of the country's terrain is mountainous, concentrating its highly urbanized population on narrow coastal plains. Japan is divided into 47 administrative prefectures and eight traditional regions. The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world. Japan has one of the world's longest life expectancies but has a population decline due to its very low birth rate. Japan is a cultural superpower as the culture of Japan is well known around the world, including its art, cuisine, film, music, and popular culture, which encompasses prominent manga, anime, and video game industries. (Full article...) Selected article – Comet Hyakutake, the Great Comet of 1996 Comet Hyakutake is a comet discovered on January 30, 1996, which passed very close to Earth in March of that year. It was dubbed The Great Comet of 1996; its passage near the Earth was one of the closest cometary approaches of the previous 200 years. Hyakutake appeared very bright in the night sky and was widely seen around the world. The comet temporarily upstaged the much anticipated Comet Hale–Bopp, which was approaching the inner Solar System at the time. Scientific observations of the comet led to several discoveries. Most surprising to cometary scientists was the first discovery of X-ray emission from a comet, believed to have been caused by ionised solar wind particles interacting with neutral atoms in the coma of the comet. The Ulysses spacecraft unexpectedly crossed the comet's tail at a distance of more than 500 million km from the nucleus, showing that Hyakutake had the longest tail known for a comet. Hyakutake is a long-period comet. Before its most recent passage through the Solar System, its orbital period was about 17,000 years, but the gravitational influence of the giant planets has increased this period to 100,000 years. The comet was discovered on January 30, 1996, by Yuji Hyakutake an amateur astronomer from southern Japan. He had been searching for comets for years and had moved to Kagoshima Prefecture partly for the dark skies in nearby rural areas. He was using a powerful set of binoculars with six-inch (152 mm) objective lenses to scan the skies on the night of the discovery. (Full article...) More selected articles Selected pictures Keep of Nagoya Castle Nagoya Castle Credit: Base64 The keep of Nagoya Castle located in Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture. Originally built around 1525, the castle was used as the District army headquarters and as a POW camp during World War II. During the bombing of Japan, the castle was burnt down in a USAF air raid on May 14, 1945. It was reconstructed in 1959 and is currently under exhibition. Japanese battleship Yamato Image: Alexpl A line drawing of the Japanese battleship Yamato, the lead ship of the Yamato class of battleships that served with the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. Named after the ancient Japanese Yamato Province, she was launched on 8 August 1940 and served as the flagship of the Japanese Combined Fleet in 1942. Asahi Breweries Photograph credit: Basile Morin Asahi Breweries is a Japanese global beer, spirits, soft drinks and food business group. This photograph, taken during the blue hour with a full moon, shows the headquarters of Asahi Breweries in Sumida, Tokyo, as viewed from the wharf on the Sumida River near Azuma Bridge. The Asahi Beer Hall, topped by the Asahi Flame, designed by Philippe Starck, is visible on the right, with the Tokyo Skytree in the background on the left. Siege of Osaka Painting credit: unknown The siege of Osaka was a series of battles undertaken by the Japanese Tokugawa shogunate against the Toyotomi clan, and ending in the clan's dissolution. Divided into two stages (the winter campaign and the summer campaign), and lasting from 1614 to 1615, the siege put an end to the last major armed opposition to the shogunate's establishment. This eight-metre-long (26 ft) painting, titled The Summer Battle of Osaka Castle and executed on a Japanese folding screen, illustrates Osaka Castle under siege, and was commissioned by the daimyo Kuroda Nagamasa, who took a team of painters with him to the battlefield to record the event. The painting depicts 5071 people and 21 generals, and is held in the collection of Osaka Castle. A god depicted extermination evil in a hanging scroll List of National Treasures of Japan (paintings) Credit: Unknown One part of five in the set Extermination of Evil, this hanging scrolls was originally part of a handscroll known as the "second edition of the Masuda family Hell Scroll" before being cut into sections. The God of Heavenly Punishment is shown consuming the ox-headed deity Gozu Tennō, the god of pestilence. Fushimi Inari-taisha Fushimi Inari-taisha Credit: Paul Vlaar A series of torii, the defining feature of Fushimi Inari-taisha, a Shinto shrine dedicated to the spirit Inari in Kyoto, Japan. The thousands of vermilion torii gates are all donations from individuals, families or companies. Siberian Intervention Image: Shobido & Co.; Restoration: Adam Cuerden A Japanese lithograph depicting the capture of Blagoveshchensk, Siberia, by the Imperial Japanese Army during the Siberian Intervention, part of a larger effort by the western powers and Japan to support White Russian forces against the Bolshevik Red Army during the Russian Civil War. The Allied invasion took place in August 1918, and Japanese troops remained in Russia until October 1922. Tsingtao occupation money Banknote design credit: Bank of Japan; photographed by Andrew Shiva This picture shows a ten-sen banknote, in use during the 1914–1922 Japanese occupation of Tsingtao (Qingdao), China, as part of the Asian and Pacific theatre of World War I. Issued by the Bank of Japan, the currency was based on the silver standard. This banknote, dated 1914, is in the National Numismatic Collection of the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History. Before the outbreak of World War I, German naval ships were located in the Pacific; Tsingtao developed into a major seaport while the surrounding Kiautschou Bay area was leased to Germany since 1898. During the war, Japanese and British Allied troops besieged the port in 1914 before capturing it from the German and Austro-Hungarian Central Powers, occupying the city and the surrounding region. It served as a base for the exploitation of the natural resources of Shandong province and northern China, and a "New City District" was established to furnish the Japanese colonists with commercial sections and living quarters. Tsingtao eventually reverted to Chinese rule by 1922. Portrat of Tōyō Miyatake Tōyō Miyatake Credit: Ansel Adams Portrait of Tōyō Miyatake, 1943. During the period of Japanese American internment, Miyatake was interned at Manzanar War Relocation Center in Owens Valley. He smuggled a camera lens into the camp and constructed a camera body from wood. The pictures he secretly took at the camp are the only ones that show the plight of U.S. Citizens detained in the camps during the war. Plum Park in Kameido Print: Hiroshige Plum Park in Kameido is a woodblock print in the ukiyo-e genre by the Japanese artist Hiroshige. It was published in 1857 as the thirtieth print in the One Hundred Famous Views of Edo series and depicts Prunus mume trees in bloom. Popular prints such as Plum Park in Kameido were produced in the tens of thousands at a low individual cost. After the opening up of Japan in 1853, they found a following in Europe, where they had a significant influence on the Impressionist artists such as Vincent van Gogh. See Van Gogh's derivative version Gasshukoku suishi teitoku kōjōgaki (Oral statement by the American Navy admiral) c.1854 Convention of Kanagawa Credit: Unknown Gasshukoku suishi teitoku kōjōgaki (Oral statement by the American Navy admiral) is a Japanese print showing three men, believed to be Commander Anan, Commodore Matthew Perry and Captain Henry Adams, who opened up Japan to the west. The text being read may be President Fillmore's letter to Emperor of Japan. Japanese government-issued currency in the Dutch East Indies Banknotes: Empire of Japan. Reproduction: National Numismatic Collection, National Museum of American History at the Smithsonian Institution The Japanese-issued Netherlands Indies gulden was the currency issued by the Japanese Empire when it occupied the Dutch East Indies during World War II. Following the Dutch capitulation in March 1942, the Japanese closed all banks, seized assets and currency, and assumed control of the economy in the territory. They began issuing military banknotes, as had previously been done in other occupied territories. These were printed in Japan, but retained the name of the pre-war currency and replaced the Dutch gulden at par. From 1943 the military banknotes were replaced by identical bank-issued notes printed within the territory, and the currency was renamed the roepiah from 1944. The currency was replaced by the Indonesian rupiah in 1946, one year after the Japanese surrender and the country's independence. This note, denominated five cents, is part of the 1942 series. See other denominations: One cent · Five cents · Ten cents · Half gulden · One gulden, Five gulden, Ten gulden Satellite image of Japan Islands of Japan Credit: NASA The four main islands of Japan are shown clearly off the coast of North Korea and South Korea, China and Russia in this true-color image. Running down through the islands are a string of mountains that make up part of the Pacific Ring of Fire. Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies registration card Document: Japanese occupation government; scan by the National Archives of the Netherlands A registration card for Louis Wijnhamer (1904–1975), an ethnic Dutch humanitarian who was captured soon after the Empire of Japan occupied the Dutch East Indies in March 1942. Prior to the occupation, many ethnic Europeans had refused to leave, expecting the Japanese occupation government to keep a Dutch administration in place. When Japanese troops took control of government infrastructure and services such as ports and postal services, 100,000 European (and some Chinese) civilians were interned in prisoner-of-war camps where the death rates were between 13 and 30 per cent. Wijnhamer was interned in a series of camps throughout Southeast Asia and, after the surrender of Japan, returned to what was now Indonesia, where he lived until his death. Japanese government-issued rupee in Burma Banknote design credit: Empire of Japan; photographed by Andrew Shiva The Japanese government-issued rupee in Burma was Japanese invasion money issued as a replacement for the local currency during the Japanese occupation of Burma in the Second World War. Like most Japanese colonial currency from this period, a letter code was used on the notes; the first or top letter "B" indicates that the note was printed in and issued for the State of Burma; the second letter or letters indicate the block (or printing batch) of the note. The higher-value notes depict Ananda Temple in Bagan on the obverse. This quarter-rupee banknote is part of the National Numismatic Collection at the Smithsonian Institution. Other denominations: '"`UNIQ--templatestyles-0000000E-QINU`"' * 1 cent * 5 cents * 10 cents * '"`UNIQ--templatestyles-0000000F-QINU`"' 1⁄2 rupee * 1 rupee * 5 rupees * 10 rupees * 100 rupees Flowers of the Prunus serrulata (Japanese Cherry) Prunus serrulata Credit: Kropsoq Prunus serrulata (Japanese Cherry) is a species of cherry native to Japan, Korea and China. Its flowers are produced in clusters of two to five together at nodes on short spurs in spring. They are white to pink, with five petals in the wild type tree. Japanese government-issued dollar in Malaya and Borneo Banknote design credit: Empire of Japan; photographed by Andrew Shiva The Japanese government-issued dollar was a form of currency issued between 1942 and 1945 for use within the territories of Singapore, Malaya, North Borneo, Sarawak and Brunei, under occupation by Imperial Japan during World War II. The currency, informally referred to as "banana money", was released solely in the form of banknotes, as metals were considered essential to the war effort. The languages used on the notes were reduced to English and Japanese. Each note bears a different obverse and reverse design, but all have a similar layout, and were marked with stamped block letters that begin with "M" for "Malaya". This 1942 one-dollar Japanese-issued banknote, depicting breadfruit and coconut trees on the obverse, is part of the National Numismatic Collection at the Smithsonian Institution. Other denominations: '"`UNIQ--templatestyles-0000000D-QINU`"' * 1 cent * 5 cents * 10 cents * 50 cents * 1 dollar * 5 dollars * 10 dollars * 100 dollars (I) * 100 dollars (II) * 1000 dollars On this day... May 18: Events 1870 - Telegrams started between Tokyo and Yokohama. (Japanese Date: Eighteenth Day of the Fourth Month, 1870) 1899 - The Bangkok Peace Conference is first held in the Hague. 1936 - In a crime that shocked Japan, Sada Abe strangled her lover Kichizo Ishida, cut off his genitals, and carried them around with her for several days until her arrest. 1984 - Nationality Act Amendment is established. Births 1904 - Shunryū Suzuki (d. 1971), Japanese-American monk and educator 1947 - Akira Terao, singer and actor 1956 - Naomichi Ozaki, golfer 1971 - Nobuteru Taniguchi, race car driver 1988 - Kōji Seto, actor and singer 1990 - Yuya Osako, footballer Film and television 2012 - The Complex, a horror film starring Atsuko Maeda and Hiroki Narimiya In the news 6 May 2024 – Israel–Hamas war protests Japanese students at the University of Tokyo, Sophia University, Tama Art University, International Christian University, and Hiroshima University hold solidarity encampments. (Arab News Japan) 22 April 2024 – China–Japan relations Controversies surrounding Yasukuni Shrine China objects to an offering that Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida made at Tokyo's Yasukuni Shrine on Sunday. (Reuters) Selected quote – “ When Toyota sneezes, everyone catches a cold. ” — Toshiharu Nakano, owner of a Japanese kimono fabrics shop in Nagoya More selected quotes Selected biography – Kurosaki at Anime Expo 2011 in Los Angeles Maon Kurosaki (Japanese: 黒崎 真音, Hepburn: Kurosaki Maon, January 13, 1988 – February 16, 2023) was a Japanese singer and songwriter signed to NBCUniversal Entertainment Japan. After being discovered while working as a performer in Akihabara, Tokyo, she made her major debut in 2010, performing ending themes to the anime television series Highschool of the Dead. She released her debut album H.O.T.D. in September 2010, which features the ending themes from Highschool of the Dead. Her first two singles were used as ending themes to the anime television series A Certain Magical Index II. Kurosaki's music was influenced by her love of anime and lolita fashion. Her songs have been featured in various anime series such as Jormungand, Tokyo Ravens, and The Fruit of Grisaia. She collaborated with artists such as Mami Kawada, Kotoko, and Trustrick for her music releases. She performed twice at Anime Expo 2011 in Los Angeles, California, and was a regular performer at Japanese anime events such as LisAni, Animelo Summer Live, and Animax Musix. She also appeared at Anime Festival Asia, Bangkok Comic Con, and CharaExpo. From 2011 to 2016, she was singer of the synthpop band Altima, together with Motsu of the band Move. (Full article...) List of selected biographies Hasekura Tsunenaga Adolfo Farsari Paul Nobuo Tatsuguchi Pierre Rossier Kanō Jigorō Toru Takemitsu Ayumi Hamasaki Fujiwara no Teika Katsuhiko Nakajima Matsuo Bashō Tetsuji Takechi Toyohara Kunichika Koda Kumi Felice Beato Masako Katsura Murasaki Shikibu Ariwara no Narihira Kusumoto Ine Hiroh Kikai Yamashita Yoshitsugu Eir Aoi Kabukidō Enkyō Masashi Hamauzu Yoko Ono Rieko Kodama Satoshi Kon Utagawa Toyoharu Hirai Kawato Kawaji Toshiyoshi Lady Saigō Satoru Iwata Morihei Ueshiba Fukuzawa Yukichi Kumeko Urabe Selected prefecture – Okayama Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region on Honshū island. The capital is the city of Okayama. During the Meiji Restoration, Bitchu Province, Bizen Province and Mimasaka Province were combined to form Okayama Prefecture. It borders Hyōgo Prefecture, Tottori Prefecture and Hiroshima Prefecture and faces Kagawa Prefecture in Shikoku across the Seto Inland Sea and includes 90 islands in the sea. There are fifteen cities located in Okayama Prefecture. It is home to the historic town of Kurashiki. Most of the population is concentrated around Kurashiki and Okayama. The small villages in the northern mountain region are aging and declining in population--more than half of the prefectures municipalities are officially designated as depopulated. Did you know... – ... that the Yūshūkan (pictured), a Japanese military and war museum owned and operated by Yasukuni Shrine, has been at the center of an international controversy? ... that though they had lost all strategically and economically important locations of Luzon in the Battle of Luzon, pockets of Japanese forces held out until Japan surrendered in World War II? ... that when the Japanese visual novel Memories Off was released for the PlayStation Portable, it shared its opening theme song with the visual novel Memories Off 2nd for the same system? ... that an oil painting by Ryūsei Kishida was auctioned for 7.731 billion yen, the highest price ever achieved for a Japanese painting? ...that Boneless Fish is a Japanese frozen food made from fish, which is deboned by hand and then glued to its original shape using a food-grade enzyme? General images The following are images from various Japan-related articles on Wikipedia. Traditional breakfast at a ryokan (from Culture of Japan) Amida Buddha, Kōtoku-in (from Culture of Japan) Shinano River in Niigata City (from Geography of Japan) Reconstruction of a Jōmon family from the Sannai-Maruyama Site (from History of Japan) A handscroll painting dated c. 1130, illustrating a scene from the "Bamboo River" chapter of The Tale of Genji (from History of Japan) Noh play at traditional Noh theatre (from Culture of Japan) Planes from the Japanese aircraft carrier Shōkaku preparing the attack on Pearl Harbor (from History of Japan) Atomic cloud over Hiroshima, 1945 (from History of Japan) Buddhist temple of Hōryū-ji is the oldest wooden structure in the world. It was commissioned by Prince Shotoku and represents the beginning of Buddhism in Japan. (from History of Japan) A vase from the early Jōmon period (11000–7000 BC) (from History of Japan) Woman in kimono at Fukuoka City Hall (from Culture of Japan) Japan in 1582, showing territory conquered by Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi in gray (from History of Japan) Fumie Hihara playing the shamisen, Guimet Museum, Paris (from Culture of Japan) Later Three-Year War in the 11th century (from History of Japan) Kinkaku-ji was built in 1397 by Ashikaga Yoshimitsu. (from History of Japan) Pair of byōbu with a leopard, tiger and dragon by Kanō Sanraku (from Culture of Japan) Japanese experts inspect the scene of the alleged railway sabotage on South Manchurian Railway that led to the Mukden Incident and the Japanese occupation of Manchuria. (from History of Japan) Daisenryō Kofun, Osaka (from History of Japan) Middle Jōmon vase (2000 BC) (from History of Japan) Mount Aso 4 pyroclastic flow and the spread of Aso 4 tephra (90,000 to 85,000 years ago). The pyroclastic flow reached almost the whole area of Kyushu, and volcanic ash was deposited of 15 cm in a wide area from Kyushu to southern Hokkaido. (from Geography of Japan) Samurai of the Satsuma Domain during the Boshin War (from History of Japan) Emperor Meiji, the 122nd Emperor of Japan (from History of Japan) Regions and prefectures of Japan (from Geography of Japan) Mount Yari, Nagano Prefecture in August (from Geography of Japan) General Douglas MacArthur and Emperor of Japan, Hirohito, at their first meeting, September 1945 (from History of Japan) Guardian in Tōdai-ji, Nara (from Culture of Japan) Taiheiyō Belt (from Geography of Japan) Samurai could kill a commoner for the slightest insult and were widely feared by the Japanese population. Edo period, 1798. (from History of Japan) The Ryukyu Islands administered by Kagoshima Prefecture and Okinawa Prefecture (from Geography of Japan) Vegetation during the Last Glacial Maximum (16,000 BCE) (from Geography of Japan) A Yayoi period bronze bell (dōtaku) of the 3rd century AD (from History of Japan) The Nanpō Islands of the Japanese archipelago (from Geography of Japan) The Daibutsu-den, within the complex of Tōdai-ji. This Buddhist temple was sponsored by the Imperial Court during the Nara period. (from History of Japan) The islands comprising the Japanese Archipelago were separated from the Asian continent by back-arc spreading. (from Geography of Japan) The Kuril Islands, with their Russian names. The borders of the Treaty of Shimoda (1855) and the Treaty of St. Petersburg (1875) are shown in red. Currently, all islands northeast of Hokkaido are administered by Russia. (from Geography of Japan) Ukiyo-e based on kabuki actor Ichikawa Danjūrō V, by Utagawa Kunimasa (from Culture of Japan) Relief map of the land and the seabed of Japan. It shows the surface and underwater terrain of the Japanese archipelago. (from Geography of Japan) Dogū figurine of the late Jōmon period (1000–400 BC) (from History of Japan) Japan's exclusive economic zones:   Japan's EEZ   Joint regime with Republic of Korea   EEZ claimed by Japan, disputed by others (from Geography of Japan) Kokin Wakashū, an early anthology of the waka form of Japanese poetry, National Treasure; early twelfth century; at the Tokyo National Museum (from Culture of Japan) Ritsurin Garden, Takamatsu, Japan (from Geography of Japan) Wreckage at a railway station destroyed during the 2011 earthquake and tsunami (from History of Japan) Newly-wed Emperor Naruhito, then Crown Prince, wearing a sokutai and Empress Masako, then-Crown Princess, wearing a jūnihitoe. Costumes of these styles have been worn by the Imperial family since the Heian period, when a unique Japanese style developed. (from Culture of Japan) Map showing the territories of major daimyō families around 1570 CE (from History of Japan) Minamoto no Yoritomo was the founder of the Kamakura shogunate in 1192. This was the first military government in which the shogun with the samurai were the de facto rulers of Japan. (from History of Japan) A Köppen climate classification map of Japan (from Geography of Japan) Aerial view of Lake Biwa (from Geography of Japan) A map of Japan (from Geography of Japan) Jesus statue in Yokohama (from Culture of Japan) The Japanese Empire in 1939 (from History of Japan) The summit of Mount Fuji is the highest point in Japan. (from Geography of Japan) Sea of Japan (from Geography of Japan) Portrait of Ashikaga Takauji who was the founder and first shōgun of the Ashikaga shogunate (from History of Japan) A topographic map of Japan (from Geography of Japan) Sakurajima eruption on October 3, 2009 (from Geography of Japan) Torii entrance gate at Kamigamo Shrine, Kyoto (from Culture of Japan) Seto Inland Sea (from Geography of Japan) A map of Japan's major cities, main towns and selected smaller centers (from Geography of Japan) Kabira Bay on Ishigaki Island, Okinawa Prefecture in March (from Geography of Japan) Kobe Airport in Osaka Bay (from Geography of Japan) Hōryū-ji is widely known to be the oldest wooden architecture existing in the world. (from Culture of Japan) Japan (Iapam) and Korea, in the 1568 Portuguese map of the cartographer João Vaz Dourado (from History of Japan) Prince Shōtoku was a semi-legendary regent of the Asuka period, and considered to be the first major sponsor of Buddhism in Japan. (from History of Japan) The map depicts the Kuril–Kamchatka Trench, Japan Trench, Izu–Ogasawara Trench, and Mariana Trench. (from Geography of Japan) Tectonic map of Japan (French) (from Geography of Japan) Miniature model of the ancient capital Heian-kyō (from History of Japan) Ritsurin Garden (from Culture of Japan) Winter with frozen coniferous trees near Mt. Kumano in the Mount Zaō range in Miyagi Prefecture (from Geography of Japan) The word Nihon written in kanji (horizontal placement of characters). The text means "Japan" in Japanese. (from History of Japan) Izu Islands south of Tokyo (from Geography of Japan) Extreme points of Japan (from Geography of Japan) Map of the Kantō Plain (from Geography of Japan) A social hierarchy chart based on old academic theories. Such hierarchical diagrams were removed from Japanese textbooks after various studies in the 1990s revealed that peasants, craftsmen, and merchants were in fact equal and merely social categories. Successive shoguns held the highest or near-highest court ranks, higher than most court nobles. (from History of Japan) Chinese generals surrendering to the Japanese in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895) (from History of Japan) Mount Fuji and sakura (cherry blossoms) are national symbols of Japan. (from Culture of Japan) US Secretary of State Dean Acheson signing the Treaty of Peace with Japan, 8 September 1951 (from History of Japan) Territorial extent of Yamato court during the Kofun period (from History of Japan) The aftermath of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami (from Geography of Japan) Tokugawa Ieyasu was the founder and first shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate. (from History of Japan) The Empire of Japan at its peak in 1942:    Territory (1870–1895)    Acquisitions (1895–1930)    Acquisitions (1930–1942) (from History of Japan) Two students practicing kendo at Hiroshima University (from Culture of Japan) Japanese archipelago with outlined islands (from Geography of Japan) The Black Ship Portuguese traders that came from Goa and Macau once a year (from History of Japan) Tokyo in 2010 (from History of Japan) Shigeru Yoshida was one of the longest serving PMs in Japanese history (1946–1947 and 1948–1954). (from History of Japan) Edo period screen depicting the Battle of Sekigahara. It began on 21 October 1600, with a total of 160,000 men facing each other. (from History of Japan) Sakura blossoms with Himeji Castle in Hyōgo Prefecture in April (from Geography of Japan) Lake Tōya and Shōwa-shinzan in Shikotsu-Tōya National Park (from Geography of Japan) Related Portals East Asia Other Countries/Territories Japan topics Eras Paleolithic | Jōmon | Yayoi | Kofun | Asuka | Nara | Heian | Kamakura | Muromachi | Azuchi-Momoyama | Edo | Meiji | Taishō | Shōwa | Heisei | Reiwa History Economic history | Educational history | Military history | Naval history | Sengoku period | Meiji Restoration | Empire of Japan | Occupied Japan | Post-occupation Japan Politics Constitution | Government | Emperors | Imperial Household Agency | Prime Ministers | Cabinet | Ministries | National Diet (House of Councillors · House of Representatives) | Judicial system | Law of Japan | LGBT rights | Elections | Political parties | Japanese political values | Japan Self-Defense Forces | Foreign relations Culture Clothing | Customs and etiquette | Education | Festivals | 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Himeji Castle | Matsumoto Castle | Osaka Castle | Nagoya Castle | Tokyo Disney Resort Subcategories Category puzzle Select [►] to view subcategories Japan Japan-related lists Buildings and structures in Japan Culture of Japan Economy of Japan Education in Japan Environment of Japan Geography of Japan Government of Japan Health in Japan History of Japan Organizations based in Japan Japanese people Politics of Japan Society of Japan Images of Japan Japan stubs Recognized content Extended content Featured articles 1995 Japanese Grand Prix 1995 Pacific Grand Prix 2008 Japanese Grand Prix 2014 Japanese Grand Prix Admiralty Islands campaign Agharta (album) Japanese aircraft carrier Akagi Akutan Zero Allied naval bombardments of Japan during World War II Amagi-class battlecruiser Battle of Arawe Japanese battleship Asahi Axis naval activity in Australian waters BTS Battle of the Eastern Solomons Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands Battle of Midway Battle of Tassafaronga Felice Beato Battle of 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Japanese Garden Pano, Cowra, NSW, 22.09.2006 2003 Mazda 6 (GG) Classic hatchback 01 Asahi Breweries headquarters building with the Asahi Flame and Skytree at blue hour with full moon, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, Japan Ase o fuku onna2 BUR-10b-Burma-Japanese Occupation-Five Cents ND (1942) BUR-11a-Burma-Japanese Occupation-10 Cents ND (1942) BUR-12a-Burma-Japanese Occupation-One Quarter Rupee ND (1942) BUR-13b-Burma-Japanese Occupation-One Half Rupee ND (1942) BUR-14-Burma-Japanese Occupation-One Rupee ND (1942) BUR-15b-Burma-Japanese Occupation-Five Rupees ND (1942-44) BUR-16-Japanese occupation Burma-10 rupees (1942-44) BUR-17b-Burma-Japanese Occupation-100 Rupees ND (1944) BUR-9b-Burma-Japanese Occupation-One Cent ND (1942) Beijing Castle Boxer Rebellion 1900 FINAL Bicycle crankset Shimano 105 R7000 (chainring 50-34, length 172.5mm, 11 speed) Blind monks examining an elephant Bloody Saturday, Shanghai Comme des Garcons at the Met (62473) Crested myna, Osaka, Japan Daurian redstart at Daisen Park in Osaka, January 2016 Douglas MacArthur signs formal surrender Extermination of Evil Tenkeisei Forces returning 2 Gasshukoku suishi teitoku kōjōgaki (Oral statement by the American Navy admiral) Golden gate of Ueno Tōshō-gū Shinto shrine, Tokyo, Japan Great Wave off Kanagawa2 Hasegawa Tohaku - Pine Trees (Shōrin-zu byōbu) - left hand screen Hasegawa Tohaku - Pine Trees (Shōrin-zu byōbu) - right hand screen Heart Mountain Relocation Center, Heart Mountain, Wyoming. In his barracks home at Block 7 - 21 - NARA - 539206 - Restoration Hiroshige II - Kishu kumano iwatake tori - Shokoku meisho hyakkei HiroshimaPeaceMemorialPanorama-2 HoryujiYumedono0363edit4 Hyochangwon as Korea's first golf course ISS Aug2005 ISS March 2009 Instrument of surrender Japan2 JAPAN-10-Constitutional Monarchy-One Yen (1873) JAPAN-M7-Tsingtao-10 Sen (1914) Japan 1870 20 Yen (alt) Japanese Squirrel edit2 Japanese archer 1878b Japanese pygmy woodpecker in Sakai, Osaka, February 2016 Japanese white-eye at Tennōji Park in Osaka, January 2016 III Japaneseweavera Japanmakaken im Jigokudani Monkey Park bei der Fellpflege Kabukicho red gate and colorful neon street signs at night, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan Khalili Collections A Composite Imaginary View of Japan Kiyonaga bathhouse women-2 Koku Saitcho shounin Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 01 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 02 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 03 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 04 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 05 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 06 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 07 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 08 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 09 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 10 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 11 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 12 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 13 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 14 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 15 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 16 MAL-M10b-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-1000 Dollars ND (1945) MAL-M1b-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-One Cent ND (1942) MAL-M2a-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-Five Cents ND (1942) MAL-M3b-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-10 Cents ND (1942) MAL-M4b-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-50 Cents ND (1942) MAL-M5c-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-One Dollar ND (1942) MAL-M6c-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-Five Dollars ND (1942) MAL-M7c-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-10 Dollars ND (1944) MAL-M8b-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-100 Dollars ND (1944) MAL-M9-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-100 Dollars ND (1945) Mamoru Shigemitsu signs the Instrument of Surrender, officially ending the Second World War Manzanar calisthenics 0016u Manzanar portrait Toyo Miyatake 00100u Maresuke Nogi, 近世名士写真 其1 - Photo only Mazda RX-8 on freeway NI-119b-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-1 Cent (1942) NI-120c-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-5 Cents (1942) NI-121a-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-10 Cents (1942) NI-122b-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-half Gulden (1942) NI-123-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-1 Gulden (1942) NI-124c-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-5 Gulden (1942) NI-125c-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-10 Gulden (1942) Nagasakibomb Nagoya Castle(Edit2) Noru 2017-07-31 0415Z OCE-1a-Oceania-Japanese Occupation-Half Shilling ND (1942) OCE-2a-Oceania-Japanese Occupation-One Shilling ND (1942) OCE-3a-Oceania-Japanese Occupation-10 Shillings ND (1942) OCE-4a-Oceania-Japanese Occupation-One Pound ND (1942) Ogata Gekko - Ryu sho ten edit Olympus E-M1 Mark III Zuiko 12-100mm PHI-102b-Japanese Government (Philippines)-1 Centavo (1942) PHI-103b-Japanese Government (Philippines)-5 Centavos (1942) PHI-104b-Japanese Government (Philippines)-10 Centavos (1942) PHI-105b-Japanese Government (Philippines)-50 Centavos (1942) PHI-106-Japanese Government (Philippines)-1 Peso (1942) PHI-107A-Japanese Government (Philippines)-5 Pesos (1942) PHI-108-Japanese Government (Philippines)-10 Pesos (1942) PHI-109-Japanese Government (Philippines)-1 Peso (1943) PHI-110-Japanese Government (Philippines)-5 Pesos (1943) PHI-111-Japanese Government (Philippines)-10 Pesos (1943) PHI-112-Japanese Government (Philippines)-100 Pesos (1944) PHI-114-Japanese Government (Philippines)-500 Pesos (1944) PHI-115-Japanese Government (Philippines)-1000 Pesos (1945) Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima, larger - edit1 Red Fuji southern wind clear morning Rhinogobius flumineus(Hamamatsu,Shizuoka,Japan) STS-134 International Space Station after undocking Samurai with sword Sesshu - Haboku-Sansui - complete Shimano Hyperglide cassette 8-speed CS-HG51 11-32 Shoki2 Somagahana Fuchiemon restored Suikoden The Illustration of The Siberian War, No. 16. The Japanese Army Occupied Vragaeschensk The brown-eared bulbul after playing with water Torii path with lantern at Fushimi Inari Taisha Shrine, Kyoto, Japan Two Lovers Beneath an Umbrella in the Snow USS Bunker Hill hit by two Kamikazes Zhou Maoshu Appreciating Lotuses Featured portals Portal:Japan Picture of the day pictures 07. Japanese Garden Pano, Cowra, NSW, 22.09.2006 2003 Mazda 6 (GG) Classic hatchback 01 Asahi Breweries headquarters building with the Asahi Flame and Skytree at blue hour with full moon, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, Japan Ase o fuku onna2 BUR-10b-Burma-Japanese Occupation-Five Cents ND (1942) BUR-11a-Burma-Japanese Occupation-10 Cents ND (1942) BUR-12a-Burma-Japanese Occupation-One Quarter Rupee ND (1942) BUR-13b-Burma-Japanese Occupation-One Half Rupee ND (1942) BUR-14-Burma-Japanese Occupation-One Rupee ND (1942) BUR-15b-Burma-Japanese Occupation-Five Rupees ND (1942-44) BUR-16-Japanese occupation Burma-10 rupees (1942-44) BUR-17b-Burma-Japanese Occupation-100 Rupees ND (1944) BUR-9b-Burma-Japanese Occupation-One Cent ND (1942) Beijing Castle Boxer Rebellion 1900 FINAL Bicycle crankset Shimano 105 R7000 (chainring 50-34, length 172.5mm, 11 speed) Blind monks examining an elephant Bloody Saturday, Shanghai Comme des Garcons at the Met (62473) Crested myna, Osaka, Japan Daurian redstart at Daisen Park in Osaka, January 2016 Douglas MacArthur signs formal surrender Extermination of Evil Tenkeisei Forces returning 2 Gasshukoku suishi teitoku kōjōgaki (Oral statement by the American Navy admiral) Geisha Kyoto Gion Geisha-kyoto-2004-11-21 Golden gate of Ueno Tōshō-gū Shinto shrine, Tokyo, Japan Great Wave off Kanagawa2 Hasegawa Tohaku - Pine Trees (Shōrin-zu byōbu) - left hand screen Hasegawa Tohaku - Pine Trees (Shōrin-zu byōbu) - right hand screen Heart Mountain Relocation Center, Heart Mountain, Wyoming. In his barracks home at Block 7 - 21 - NARA - 539206 - Restoration Hiroshige II - Kishu kumano iwatake tori - Shokoku meisho hyakkei HiroshimaPeaceMemorialPanorama-2 HoryujiYumedono0363edit4 Hyochangwon as Korea's first golf course ISS Aug2005 ISS March 2009 Instrument of surrender Japan2 JAPAN-10-Constitutional Monarchy-One Yen (1873) JAPAN-M7-Tsingtao-10 Sen (1914) Japan 1870 20 Yen (alt) Japanese Squirrel edit2 Japanese archer 1878b Japanese pygmy woodpecker in Sakai, Osaka, February 2016 Japanese white-eye at Tennōji Park in Osaka, January 2016 III Japaneseweavera Japanmakaken im Jigokudani Monkey Park bei der Fellpflege Kabukicho red gate and colorful neon street signs at night, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan Khalili Collections A Composite Imaginary View of Japan Kiyonaga bathhouse women-2 Koku Saitcho shounin KyotoFushimiInariLarge Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 01 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 02 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 03 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 04 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 05 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 06 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 07 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 08 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 09 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 10 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 11 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 12 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 13 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 14 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 15 Line scan photo of Shinkansen N700A Series Set G13 in 2017, car 16 MAL-M10b-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-1000 Dollars ND (1945) MAL-M1b-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-One Cent ND (1942) MAL-M2a-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-Five Cents ND (1942) MAL-M3b-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-10 Cents ND (1942) MAL-M4b-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-50 Cents ND (1942) MAL-M5c-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-One Dollar ND (1942) MAL-M6c-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-Five Dollars ND (1942) MAL-M7c-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-10 Dollars ND (1944) MAL-M8b-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-100 Dollars ND (1944) MAL-M9-Malaya-Japanese Occupation-100 Dollars ND (1945) Mamoru Shigemitsu signs the Instrument of Surrender, officially ending the Second World War Manzanar calisthenics 0016u Manzanar portrait Toyo Miyatake 00100u Maresuke Nogi, 近世名士写真 其1 - Photo only Mazda RX-8 on freeway NI-119b-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-1 Cent (1942) NI-120c-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-5 Cents (1942) NI-121a-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-10 Cents (1942) NI-122b-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-half Gulden (1942) NI-123-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-1 Gulden (1942) NI-124c-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-5 Gulden (1942) NI-125c-Netherlands Indies-Japanese Occupation-10 Gulden (1942) Nagasakibomb Nagoya Castle(Edit2) Noru 2017-07-31 0415Z OCE-1a-Oceania-Japanese Occupation-Half Shilling ND (1942) OCE-2a-Oceania-Japanese Occupation-One Shilling ND (1942) OCE-3a-Oceania-Japanese Occupation-10 Shillings ND (1942) OCE-4a-Oceania-Japanese Occupation-One Pound ND (1942) Ogata Gekko - Ryu sho ten edit Olympus E-M1 Mark III Zuiko 12-100mm PHI-102b-Japanese Government (Philippines)-1 Centavo (1942) PHI-103b-Japanese Government (Philippines)-5 Centavos (1942) PHI-104b-Japanese Government (Philippines)-10 Centavos (1942) PHI-105b-Japanese Government (Philippines)-50 Centavos (1942) PHI-106-Japanese Government (Philippines)-1 Peso (1942) PHI-107A-Japanese Government (Philippines)-5 Pesos (1942) PHI-108-Japanese Government (Philippines)-10 Pesos (1942) PHI-109-Japanese Government (Philippines)-1 Peso (1943) PHI-110-Japanese Government (Philippines)-5 Pesos (1943) PHI-111-Japanese Government (Philippines)-10 Pesos (1943) PHI-112-Japanese Government (Philippines)-100 Pesos (1944) PHI-114-Japanese Government (Philippines)-500 Pesos (1944) PHI-115-Japanese Government (Philippines)-1000 Pesos (1945) Panorama of Edo bw Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima, larger - edit1 Red Fuji southern wind clear morning Rhinogobius flumineus(Hamamatsu,Shizuoka,Japan) STS-134 International Space Station after undocking Sake barrels at Itsukushima Shrine Samurai with sword Sesshu - Haboku-Sansui - complete Shimano Hyperglide cassette 8-speed CS-HG51 11-32 Shoki2 Somagahana Fuchiemon restored Suikoden The Illustration of The Siberian War, No. 16. 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